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Monday, August 31, 2020

August 31, 2020

Scientists show how brain flexibility emerges in infants

Cognitive flexibility, which refers to the brain's ability to switch between mental processes in response to external stimuli and different task demands, seems to begin developing during the first two years of life, which is much earlier than previously thought. Researchers used magnetic resonance imaging techniques to show the emergence of a functional flexible brain during early infancy.

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August 31, 2020

Warmer, acidifying ocean brings extinction for reef-building corals, renewal for relatives

A new study finds that reef-building corals emerged only when ocean conditions supported the construction of these creatures' stony skeletons, whereas diverse softer corals and sea anemones flourished at other times. Without a significant change to anthropogenic carbon emissions, the new findings present stark implications for the present and future of hard-bodied corals while suggesting a silver lining for the diversity of some of their softer-bodied relatives.

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August 31, 2020

Serengeti leopard population densities healthy but vary seasonally, study finds

A study of camera-trap data from Serengeti National Park in Tanzania found that leopard population densities in the 3.7-million-acre park are similar to those in other protected areas but vary between wet and dry seasons. The fluctuations appear to be driven by the abundance of prey and how this affects interactions with other large carnivores like lions, researchers report.

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August 31, 2020

Reprogramming cardiac fibroblast cells to transform into beating heart muscle

Researchers have clarified the roles of matrix stiffness and mechanotransduction as well as the signaling pathways in the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts into contractile cardiomyocytes and show that soft substrates comparable to native myocardium improve the efficiency of this cardiac reprogramming. This has potential for research into biomaterials and may lead to clinical advances in regenerative treatment for heart failure.

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August 31, 2020

Following African elephant trails to approach conservation differently

Elephant trails may lead the way to better conservation approaches. 'Think of elephants as engineers of the forests. Elephants shape the landscape in many ways that benefit humans. We're talking thousands of miles of trails. If we think about the loss of elephants over time, then we will see the forest structure change and human activities also would shift.'

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August 31, 2020

Insight on how to build a better flu vaccine

Repeated exposure to influenza viruses may undermine the effectiveness of the annual flu vaccine. A team of researchers has developed an approach to assess whether a vaccine activates the kind of immune cells needed for long-lasting immunity against new influenza strains. The findings could aid efforts to design an improved flu vaccine.

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August 31, 2020

For people with high blood pressure, telemonitoring may cut heart attack, stroke rate by 50%

Adults with uncontrolled high blood pressure were about half as likely to have serious cardiovascular events in the five years after a pharmacist-led telemonitoring program compared to those receiving routine primary care. By reducing cardiovascular events, the telemonitoring intervention saved about $1,900 over five years in overall health care costs for each individual.

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August 31, 2020

Can a black hole fire up the cold heart of the Phoenix Galaxy Cluster?

Radio astronomers have detected jets of hot gas blasted out by a black hole in the galaxy at the heart of the Phoenix Galaxy Cluster, located 5.9 billion light-years away in the constellation Phoenix. This is an important result for understanding the coevolution of galaxies, gas, and black holes in galaxy clusters.

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August 31, 2020

Vietnam farmers' poultry sales during outbreaks may increase virus transmission

Small-scale poultry farmers in Vietnam tend to respond to viral outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) by rapidly selling their birds as a way to avoid financial loss, according to a new study. As these birds are commingled with other birds in markets and trading networks, this practice may increase the likelihood of widespread disease transmission.

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August 31, 2020

Hots dogs, chicken wings and city living helped wetland wood storks thrive

Using the Wood Stork, researchers compared city storks with natural wetland storks to gauge their success in urban environments based on their diet and food opportunities. Results provide evidence of how a wetland species persists and even thrives in an urban environment by switching to human foods like chicken wings and hots dogs when natural marshes are in bad shape. These findings indicate that urban areas can buffer a species from the unpredictability of natural food sources.

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August 31, 2020

Cells can remain functional despite damage to mitochondria

Mitochondria are the power plants of our cells and play an important role in providing energy for normal function of the tissues in our body. Thanks to a metabolic adjustment, cells can remain functional despite damage to the mitochondria.

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Saturday, August 29, 2020

August 29, 2020

What happens when babies with heart defects become adults?

More than 90% of babies born with heart defects survive into adulthood. As a result, there are now more adults living with congenital heart disease than children. These adults have a chronic, lifelong condition and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has produced advice to give the best chance of a normal life.

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August 29, 2020

Look beyond opioids to solve national substance use epidemic

A new study published reveals that three-quarters of participants in an inpatient addiction intervention program came into the hospital using more than one substance. The findings suggests that a singular focus on opioids may do more harm than good if doctors overlook the complexity of each individual's actual substance use.

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August 29, 2020

Natural disasters must be unusual or deadly to prompt local climate policy change

Natural disasters alone are not enough to motivate local communities to engage in climate change mitigation or adaptation, a new study has found. Rather, policy change in response to extreme weather events appears to depend on a combination of factors, including fatalities, sustained media coverage, the unusualness of the event and the political makeup of the community.

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August 29, 2020

The 'gold' in breast milk

Breast milk strengthens a child's immune system, supporting the intestinal flora. These facts are common knowledge. But how does this work? What are the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon? And why is this not possible the same way with bottle feeding? The reasons were unknown until a team recently discovered the role of alarmins.

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August 29, 2020

Preventing infection, facilitating healing: New biomaterials from spider silk

New biomaterials reduce the risk of infection and facilitate the body's healing processes. These nanostructured materials are based on spider silk proteins. They prevent colonization by bacteria and fungi, but at the same time proactively assist in the regeneration of human tissue. They could be used for implants, wound dressings, prostheses, contact lenses, and other everyday aids.

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August 29, 2020

Where marine heatwaves will intensify fastest: New analysis

High-resolution ocean modelling has found the world's strongest ocean currents, which play key roles in fisheries and ocean ecosystems, will experience more intense marine heatwaves than the global average over the coming decades.

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Friday, August 28, 2020

August 28, 2020

Which OCD treatment works best? New brain study could lead to more personalized choices

New research could improve the odds that people with obsessive-compulsive disorder will receive a therapy that really works for them - something that eludes more than a third of those who currently get OCD treatment. The study suggests the possibility of predicting which of two types of therapy will help people with OCD: One that exposes them to the subject of their obsessive thoughts and behaviors, or one that focuses on stress reduction and problem-solving.

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August 28, 2020

Amateur drone videos could aid in natural disaster damage assessment

It wasn't long after Hurricane Laura hit the Gulf Coast Thursday that people began flying drones to record the damage and posting videos on social media. Those videos are a precious resource, say researchers who are working on ways to use them for rapid damage assessment. By using artificial intelligence, the researchers are developing a system that can automatically identify buildings and make an initial determination of whether they are damaged and how serious that damage might be.

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August 28, 2020

Giant nanomachine aids the immune system

In order to kill diseased cells, our immune system must first identify them. The so-called peptide-loading complex plays a key role in this process. A research team has analyzed this nanomachine in atomic detail.

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August 28, 2020

Fidelity of El Niño simulation matters for predicting future climate

A new study revealed that correctly simulating ocean current variations hundreds of feet below the ocean surface - the so-called Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent - during El Niño events is key in reducing the uncertainty of predictions of future warming in the eastern tropical Pacific.

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August 28, 2020

A surprising protein player in diabetes

A study of pancreatic beta cells has found a link between a commonly found protein, a subset of switched-off genes and the development of diabetes.

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August 28, 2020

Nurses burned out and want to quit

A survey of nurses caring for children with heart problems has revealed that more than half are emotionally exhausted. The analysis also found that good working environments were linked with less burnout.

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August 28, 2020

Vaccines against respiratory infections linked to fewer heart failure deaths

Influenza and pneumonia vaccinations are associated with fewer hospital deaths in patients with heart failure. That's the result of a study in nearly 3 million Americans. One out of five individuals will develop heart failure in their lifetime. An estimated 26 million people are affected worldwide.

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August 28, 2020

Making brain cancers in children respond better to treatment

Research has identified a small molecule compound that can activate the Wnt pathway in non-Wnt subtypes of medulloblastoma, making these aggressive forms of cancer more responsive to therapies. The work also found the Wnt pathway, which has historically been considered cancer-promoting, to function as a cancer inhibitor in certain contexts.

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August 28, 2020

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Rand Paul calls for FBI arrests, investigation into 'mob' he believes 'would have killed us' outside White House

08/28/20 6:44 AM

Thursday, August 27, 2020

August 27, 2020

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President Trump addresses the RNC to accept the presidential nomination after introduction by Ivanka

08/27/20 7:23 PM
August 27, 2020

Microbes working together multiply biomass conversion possibilities

Non-edible plants are a promising alternative to crude oil, but their heterogenous composition can be a challenge to producing high yields of useful products. Scientists have developed a platform that combines different microorganisms that can make a dramatic difference.

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August 27, 2020

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WATCH LIVE: RNC's final night to feature Dr. Ben Carson, Ivanka Trump, Alice Johnson and a high-stakes speech from President Tru

08/27/20 5:30 PM
August 27, 2020

Fossil evidence of 'hibernation-like' state in 250-million-year-old Antarctic animal

Scientists report evidence of a hibernation-like state in Lystrosaurus, an animal that lived in Antarctica during the Early Triassic, some 250 million years ago. The fossils are the oldest evidence of a hibernation-like state in a vertebrate, and indicate that torpor -- a general term for hibernation and similar states in which animals temporarily lower their metabolic rate to get through a tough season -- arose in vertebrates even before mammals and dinosaurs evolved.

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August 27, 2020

New tool identifies which cancer patients are most likely to benefit from immunotherapy

A new diagnostic tool that can predict whether a cancer patient would respond to immunotherapy treatment has been developed. This advance in precision medicine will allow clinicians to tailor treatments specifically to patients and avoid treatment paths that are unlikely to be successful.

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August 27, 2020

Japanese sake: the new pick-me-up? Yeast strain makes fatigue-fighting ornithine

Researchers have found that that a mutant strain of sake yeast produces high levels of the amino acid ornithine. Ornithine has been found to reduce fatigue and improve sleep quality, and the non-genetically modified mutant yeast strain discovered in this study could be easily applied to brewing sake, a traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage, as well as wine and beer.

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August 27, 2020

Rare encounters between cosmic heavyweights

Astronomers have discovered three pairs of merging galaxies. Each of the galaxies contain a supermassive black hole that's feasting on material surrounding it, creating a phenomenon called a quasar. These luminous dual quasars are rare; only about 0.3% of all known quasars have two supermassive black holes that are on a collision course with each other.

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August 27, 2020

A topography of extremes

Scientists have successfully combined various extreme experimental conditions in a unique way, revealing exciting insights into the conducting properties of the crystalline metal CeRhIn5. They report on their exploration of previously uncharted regions of the metal´s phase diagram, which is considered a promising model system for understanding unconventional superconductors.

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August 27, 2020

Playfulness can be trained - here's why you should do it

Simple exercises can help to make people more playful and consequently feel more satisfied with their lives. This has been revealed in a new study by psychologists. The researchers had participants in an experiment perform a week of exercises to boost their playfulness. They found that the trait can be stimulated and trained - and that this improves a person's mood.

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August 27, 2020

Gut microbes could unlock the secret to healthy aging

Bacteria and other microorganisms in the digestive tract are linked with dozens of health conditions including high blood pressure, high blood lipids, and body mass index (BMI) according to new research.

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August 27, 2020

Artificial pancreas effectively controls type 1 diabetes in children age 6 and up

A clinical trial at four pediatric diabetes centers in the United States has found that a new artificial pancreas system -- which automatically monitors and regulates blood glucose levels -- is safe and effective at managing blood glucose levels in children as young as age six with type 1 diabetes.

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August 27, 2020

Female chromosomes offer resilience to Alzheimer's

Women live longer than men with Alzheimer's because their sex chromosomes give them genetic protection from the ravages of the disease. Women get two 'doses' of a gene that only exists on the X chromosome. And some people, both male and female, have an especially potent variant of this gene. Long-term studies of older people, many of whom already had mild cognitive impairment, showed women with one or two copies of the variant progressed more slowly toward Alzheimer's.

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Wednesday, August 26, 2020

August 26, 2020

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Vice President Pence highlights Night Three of the Republican National Convention, which will also feature Kayleigh McEnany, Dan

08/26/20 5:30 PM
August 26, 2020

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Jacob Blake had a knife in his car when he was shot by Kenosha, Wisc., police, according to the Wisconsin DOJ, which has now nam

08/26/20 5:09 PM
August 26, 2020

Scientists use fruit peel to turn old batteries into new

Scientists have developed a novel method of using fruit peel waste to extract and reuse precious metals from spent lithium-ion batteries in order to create new batteries. The scientists say that their waste-to-resource approach tackles both food waste and electronics waste, supporting the development of a circular economy with zero waste.

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August 26, 2020

Domesticated chickens have smaller brains

Researchers suggest a process by which the timid junglefowl from the rain forest could have become today's domesticated chicken. When the scientists selectively bred the junglefowl with least fear of humans for 10 generations, the offspring acquired smaller brains and found it easier to become accustomed to frightening but non-hazardous events. The results shed new light over how domestication may have changed animals so much in a relatively short time.

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August 26, 2020

New device can measure toxic lead within minutes

Researchers have created a miniature device for measuring trace levels of toxic lead in sediments at the bottom of harbors, rivers and other waterways within minutes -- far faster than currently available laboratory-based tests, which take days. The affordable lab-on-a-chip device could also allow municipalities, water companies, universities, K-12 schools, daycares and homeowners to easily and swiftly test their water supplies.

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August 26, 2020

Unlocking the mysteries of the brain

A research team highlights the mechanisms underlying memory and learning capacity -- specifically, how our brains process, store and integrate information.

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August 26, 2020

Thin layer protects battery, allows cold charging

In the search for a reliable, quick-charging, cold-weather battery for automobiles, a self-assembling, thin layer of electrochemically active molecules may be the solution, according to a team or researchers.

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August 26, 2020

Pollution exposure at work may be associated with heart abnormalities among Latinx community

Hispanic/Latinx adults exposed to burning wood, vehicle exhaust, pesticides or metals while at work may have abnormal heart structure and function. The longer workers are exposed at their jobs, the more likely they are to have heart structure and function abnormalities.

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August 26, 2020

Antagonistic genes modify rice plant growth

Rice stems lengthen when a newly identified gene activates during flooding. Another gene suppresses lengthening in shorter varieties. The insight could help plant breeders.

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August 26, 2020

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Hurricane Laura expected to strengthen to 'catastrophic' Category 4 with life-threatening storm surge

08/26/20 3:31 AM

Tuesday, August 25, 2020

August 25, 2020

Building mechanical memory boards using origami

Origami can be used to create mechanical, binary switches, and researchers report the fabrication of such a paper device, using the Kresling pattern, that can act as a mechanical switch. By putting several together on a single platform, the investigators built a functioning mechanical memory board. They found that oscillating the platform up and down at a certain speed will cause it to flip, or switch, between its two stable states.

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August 25, 2020

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Night Two of the Republican National Convention begins, featuring Melania Trump, Mike Pompeo and a 'surprise' pardon by Presiden

08/25/20 5:30 PM
August 25, 2020

Cutting surgical robots down to size

Teleoperated surgical robots are becoming commonplace in operating rooms, but many are massive (sometimes taking up an entire room) and difficult to manipulate. Medical researchers and engineers have now created the mini-RCM, a surgical robot the size of a tennis ball that weighs as much as a penny, and performed significantly better than manually operated tools in delicate mock-surgical procedures.

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August 25, 2020

No safe level of caffeine consumption for pregnant women and would-be mothers

Women who are pregnant or trying to conceive should be advised to avoid caffeine because the evidence suggests that maternal caffeine consumption is associated with negative pregnancy outcomes and that there is no safe level of consumption, finds an analysis of observational studies.

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August 25, 2020

Citizens' adherence to COVID-19 social distancing measures depends on government response

New research finds that while social distancing is an effective preventative measure in the fight against COVID-19, there are significant variations being observed in how and why individuals follow the restrictions in South Korea, North American and Kuwait.

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Monday, August 24, 2020

August 24, 2020

Optical illusions explained in a fly's eyes

Why people perceive motion in some static images has mystified not only those who view these optical illusions but neuroscientists who have tried to explain the phenomenon. Now neuroscientists have found some answers in the eyes of flies.

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August 24, 2020

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Scott Peterson's lawyer, kin say COVID outbreak barring them from telling him death penalty overturned

08/24/20 6:18 PM
August 24, 2020

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FOLLOW LIVE: President Trump kicks off Republican National Convention featuring rescued hostages, COVID frontline heroes and Don

08/24/20 5:36 PM
August 24, 2020

Machines rival expert analysis of stored red blood cell quality

Once outside the body, stored blood begins degrading until, by day 42, they're no longer usable. Until now, assessing its quality has required laborious microscopic examination by human experts. A new study reveals two methodologies that combine machine learning and state-of-the-art imaging to automate the process and eliminate human bias. If standardized, it could ensure more consistent, accurate assessments, with increased efficiency and better patient outcomes.

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August 24, 2020

Machine learning peeks into nano-aquariums

In the nanoworld, tiny particles such as proteins appear to dance as they transform and assemble to perform various tasks while suspended in a liquid. Recently developed methods have made it possible to watch and record these otherwise-elusive tiny motions, and researchers now take a step forward by developing a machine learning workflow to streamline the process.

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August 24, 2020

Wide variations in car seat breathing assessment conducted on premature newborns

A new study has found wide variations throughout the United States in the way hospitals ensure that premature or low birth weight infants can breathe safely in a car seat before discharging them. The same infant who passes a screening in one hospital's newborn nursery may fail in similar facilities at another hospital's nursery.

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August 24, 2020

Finding a way to STING tumor growth

The immune protein STING has long been noted for helping protect against viruses and tumors by signaling a well-known immune molecule. Now, scientists have revealed that STING also activates a separate pathway, one that directly kills tumor-fighting immune cells.

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August 24, 2020

Mechanisms identified to restore myelin sheaths after injury or in multiple sclerosis

A research team has identified an important mechanism that can be used to control the restoration of myelin sheaths following traumatic injury and in degenerative diseases. With the insights gained, the researchers were able to regenerate damaged myelin sheaths in mice by treating them with the active substance theophylline, thereby restoring their nerve cell function.

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August 24, 2020

Autistic people's nerve cells differ before birth

A new study now shows in human brain cells that autism, a neurodevelopmental condition, can now be traced back to prenatal development, even though the disorder is not diagnosed until at least 18 months of age. The atypical development starts at the very earliest stages of brain organization, at the level of individual brain cells, according to scientists.

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August 24, 2020

Antibodies that may protect against COVID-19

A new study suggests that COVID-19 specific IgA monoclonal antibodies may provide effective immunity in the respiratory system against the novel coronavirus -- a potentially critical feature of an effective vaccine.

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August 24, 2020

Agricultural pesticides can affect prawns and oysters

Exposure to imidacloprid, an agricultural insecticide, at environmentally-relevant concentrations in food or water, leaves both crustaceans and molluscs vulnerable to insecticides, weakening their immune system and leaving them susceptible to disease.

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August 24, 2020

Forging molecular bonds with green light

Scientists have created a new molecular coupling tool employing both green light and pH triggers that has potential for use in applications such as drug delivery and 3D cell culture platforms.

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August 24, 2020

None of the most common blood pressure medications increased the risk of depression, some lowered the risk

Among the 41 most common blood pressure medications, none of them raised the risk of depression, according to an analysis from Denmark. The study also found that some high blood pressure medications lowered the risk of depression. These findings may help guide medical professionals in selecting the right hypertension medication, particularly for people with a personal or family history of depression.

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August 24, 2020

Yoga linked with improved symptoms in heart patients

Yoga postures and breathing could help patients with atrial fibrillation manage their symptoms, according to new research. Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder. One in four middle-aged adults in Europe and the US will develop the condition, which causes 20-30% of all strokes and increases the risk of death by 1.5-fold in men and 2-fold in women.

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August 24, 2020

East Antarctic melting hotspot identified

Ice is melting at a surprisingly fast rate underneath Shirase Glacier Tongue in East Antarctica due to the continuing influx of warm seawater into the Lützow-Holm Bay.

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August 24, 2020

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Big-name Republican joins over two-dozen former GOP members of Congress to launch "Republicans for Biden."

08/24/20 5:46 AM

Sunday, August 23, 2020

August 23, 2020

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'If I don’t fight back strong, I wouldn’t be sitting here right now': Trump says in Fox News exclusive interview airing right no

08/23/20 6:02 PM
August 23, 2020

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WATCH LIVE: President Trump holds news conference from the White House where he's expected to announce a 'breakthrough' coronavi

08/23/20 2:29 PM
August 23, 2020

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President Trump to speak every night during Republican National Convention, the campaign confirms

08/23/20 9:18 AM

Saturday, August 22, 2020

August 22, 2020

A new molecular guardian of intestinal stem cells

Researchers investigated how intestinal stem cells are controlled at the molecular level to remain stem cells or to develop into one of various intestinal cells. By studying mice lacking the protein IRF2, the researchers found a blunted regenerative response and an increased development of immature Paneth cells upon intestinal inflammation and infection. These findings help clarify the molecular biology of intestinal stem cells.

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August 22, 2020

Long-acting, injectable drug could strengthen efforts to prevent, treat HIV

Scientists have developed an injectable drug that blocks HIV from entering cells. They say the new drug potentially offers long-lasting protection from the infection with fewer side effects. The drug, which was tested in non-human primates, could eventually replace or supplement components of combination drug 'cocktail' therapies currently used to prevent or treat the virus.

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Friday, August 21, 2020

August 21, 2020

Why babies don't always remember what they have learned

If and how babies recall what they have learned depends on their mood: what they've learned when feeling calm is inaccessible when they're acitive and vice versa. This was shown in a study with 96 children aged nine months.

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August 21, 2020

Meet hedge fund managers of avian world

New research finds that brood parasites living in more variable and unpredictable habitats tend to parasitize -- or squat and drop their eggs in -- the nests of a greater variety and number of hosts.

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August 21, 2020

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Suspect wanted in brutal attack on Portland driver arrested on assault, riot charges, records show

08/21/20 9:23 AM
August 21, 2020

Sea-level rise linked to higher water tables along California coast

Researchers modeled the effects of rising sea levels along the California coast. While results varied with local topography, the study indicates an increased threat to populated areas already at risk from rising water tables, and the possibility of flooding in unexpected inland areas.

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August 21, 2020

Reproducing the pathophysiology of polycystic kidney disease from human iPS cells

A research project has successfully reproduced the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) from human iPS cells in vitro. Although cysts derived from renal tubules have been previously documented, this is the first derivation of cysts from collecting ducts, which is more closely related to the pathogenesis of the disease. This research is expected to lead to a better understanding of disease states and the development of new treatment methods.

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August 21, 2020

What kind of animal transports the seeds of the world's smallest fruit-bearing plants?

Balanophora have some of the smallest fruits among angiosperms, leading researchers to question how the seeds of these plants are dispersed. Very little is currently known about their seed dispersal system. Researchers have now documented an unrecognized seed dispersal mutualism between the peculiar, mushroom-like non-photosynthetic plant Balanophora yakushimensis and its avian visitors. The birds obtain nutrients, not from the tiny undernourished fruits, but from the larger fleshy bracts, while B. yakushimensis plants benefit from the seed dispersal.

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August 21, 2020

A gatekeeper against insulin resistance in the brain

The brain plays a major role in controlling our blood glucose levels. In type 2 diabetes this glucose metabolism brain control is often dysfunctional. A group of scientists has now shown that in men a genetic variant of the gene DUSP8 can increase the risk for T2D by impairing our brain response to the hormone insulin.

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August 21, 2020

Electron movements in liquid measured in super-slow motion

Electrons are able to move within molecules, for example when they are excited from outside or in the course of a chemical reaction. For the first time, scientists have now succeeded in studying the first few dozen attoseconds of this electron movement in a liquid.

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August 21, 2020

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Postmaster general, in Senate hearing, aims to calm fears of mail-in ballots being delivered late

08/21/20 7:08 AM

Thursday, August 20, 2020

August 20, 2020

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Pete Buttigieg, Mike Bloomberg to speak on final night of DNC - before speech of Joe Biden's life

08/20/20 5:49 PM
August 20, 2020

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spreads more indoors at low humidity

The airborne transmission of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 via aerosol particles in indoor environment seems to be strongly influenced by relative humidity, concludes the analysis of 10 most relevant international studies on the subject. Therefore, they recommend controlling the indoor air in addition to the usual measures such as social distancing and masks. A relative humidity of 40 to 60 percent could reduce the spread of the viruses and their absorption through the nasal mucous membrane.

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August 20, 2020

Studying viral outbreaks in single cells could reveal new ways to defeat them

Many viruses mutate so quickly that identifying effective vaccines or treatments is like trying to hit a moving target. A better understanding of viral propagation and evolution in single cells could help. Now, scientists report a new technique that can detect minor changes in RNA sequences in living cells that might give viruses an edge.

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August 20, 2020

Australia's wish list of exotic pets

Unsustainable trade of species is the major pathway for the introduction of invasive alien species at distant localities at higher frequencies. It is also a major driver of over-exploitation of wild populations. In a new study scientists estimate the desire of Australians to own non-native and/or illegal pets and the major trends in this practice. In addition, the team suggests ways to improve biosecurity awareness in the country.

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August 20, 2020

COVID-19: How South Korea prevailed while the United States failed

In a commentary, researchers demonstrate the stark differences in public health strategies from two democratic republics: South Korea and the United States, which have led to alarming differences in cases and deaths from COVID-19. After adjusting for the 6.5 fold differences in populations, the U.S. has suffered 47 times more cases and 79 times more deaths than South Korea.

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August 20, 2020

Study adds to evidence that cells in the nose are key entry point for SARS CoV-2

Scientists experimenting with a small number of human cell samples report that the 'hook' of cells used by SARS-CoV-2 to latch onto and infect cells is up to 700 times more prevalent in the olfactory supporting cells lining the inside of the upper part of the nose than in the lining cells of the rest of the nose and windpipe that leads to the lungs.

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August 20, 2020

Unique protein structures could hold the key to treatment for Parkinson's disease

Scientists have discovered a series of protein structures that are thought to be highly relevant to the onset of Parkinson's disease. It is hoped that further analysis of these structures will open up a new avenue for potential treatment for a disease that is the fastest growing neurological condition in the world, with no cure currently available.

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August 20, 2020

Defiance and low trust in medical doctors related to vaccine scepticism

A new study shows that individuals who react negatively to rules and recommendations and have lower trust in doctors more often use complementary and alternative medicine, that is, treatments or substances that are not included in the care offered or recommended by doctors.

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August 20, 2020

Lungfish fins reveal how limbs evolved

New research on the fin development of the Australian lungfis elucidates how fins evolved into limbs with hands with digits. The main finding is that in lungfish a primitive hand is already present, but that functional fingers and toes only evolved in land animals due to changes in embryonic development.

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Wednesday, August 19, 2020

August 19, 2020

Study of one million Danish children: Childhood adversity increases the risk of early death

Social adversity in early childhood appears to be a significant risk factor for death in early adulthood. Children who have experienced repeated serious adversity such as losing a parent, mental illness in the family, poverty or being placed in foster care have a 4.5 times higher risk of dying in early adulthood than children who have not experienced adversity during childhood.

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August 19, 2020

Machine learning unearths signature of slow-slip quake origins in seismic data

Combing through historical seismic data, researchers using a machine learning model have unearthed distinct statistical features marking the formative stage of slow-slip ruptures in the earth's crust months before tremor or GPS data detected a slip in the tectonic plates.

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August 19, 2020

Study sheds new light on certainty of opinions

Researchers for years have understood how attitudes held with certainty might predict behavior, but psychologists now suggest there may be a more general disposition at work that predicts the certainty of newly formed evaluations, just as they do for pre-existing opinions.

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August 19, 2020

Understanding the inner workings of the human heart

Researchers used artificial intelligence and genetic analyses to examine the structure of the inner surface of the heart using 25,000 MRI scans. They found that the complex network of muscle fibers lining the inside of the heart, called trabeculae, allows blood to flow more efficiently and can influence the risk of heart failure. The study answers very old questions in basic human physiology and leads to new directions for understanding heart diseases.

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August 19, 2020

Ultrafast electrons in magnetic oxides: A new direction for spintronics?

Special metal oxides could one day replace semiconductor materials that are commonly used today in processors. Now, for the first time, researchers were able to observe how electronic charge excitation changes electron spin in metal oxides in an ultrafast and inphase manner.

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August 19, 2020

Portrait of a virus

Researchers create a centralized electronic medical records tool to gather, monitor, analyze clinical trends in COVID-19 across multiple countries. Proof-of-concept platform overcomes key hurdles of decentralized EMR systems.

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August 19, 2020

Under pressure, nontoxic salt-based propellant performs well

In smaller spacecraft such as CubeSat satellites, a salt-based monopropellant is showing promise. It can be used both in high-thrust chemical propulsion for fast time-sensitive maneuvers, and electric mode for slow maneuvers, such as orbit maintenance. Now, researchers have more knowledge about how it performs under pressure to inform rocket design.

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August 19, 2020

Study maps the roots of global mangrove loss

Using high-resolution data, researchers have created the first map of the causes of change in global mangrove habitats between 2000 and 2016 - a valuable tool to aid conservation efforts for these vital coastline defenders.

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August 19, 2020

Trace vapor generator for detecting explosives, narcotics

Trace vapor detection technologies are crucial for ensuring reliable and safe detection of explosives and illegal drugs. Researchers have developed a compact testing device called the Trace Vapor Generator for Explosives and Narcotics, which is portable and can be used for non-contact sampling of these vapors. The team reports the TV-Gen can accurately generate trace vapors of low vapor pressure compounds and can produce vapors in complex backgrounds.

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August 19, 2020

World record: Plasma accelerator operates right around the clock

Researchers have reached an important milestone on the road to the particle accelerator of the future. For the first time, a laser plasma accelerator has run for more than a day while continuously producing electron beams. The LUX beamline achieved a run time of 30 hours.

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Tuesday, August 18, 2020

August 18, 2020

Wide variation across hospitals in nurse staffing is threat to public's health

According to a new study, many hospitals in New York and Illinois were understaffed right before the first surge of critically ill Covid-19 patients. The study documented staffing ratios that varied from 3 to 10 patients for each nurse on general adult medical and surgical units. ICU nurse staffing was better but also varied significantly across hospitals.

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August 18, 2020

Low-cost home air quality monitors prove useful for wildfire smoke

A new study by air quality scientists tested four models of low-cost air quality monitors during actual wildfire pollution events and found that their readings of PM2.5 - or particulate matter under 2.5 microns, which has been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular issues - were consistently higher than the reference monitor used by the regulatory agencies; however, since each monitor had a relatively consistent response to the smoke, it is possible to use the readings to estimate true PM2.5 levels.

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Monday, August 17, 2020

August 17, 2020

New research will improve early warning of devastating megastorms

Scientific research will make it easier to predict the path of some of the world's most powerful storms, enabling communities to better protect themselves from severe flooding. A new study has found that land surface conditions frequently affect the direction and intensity of mesoscale convective systems after they have formed.

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August 17, 2020

Findings refute idea of monarchs' migration mortality as major cause of population decline

Research shows that the decline in the monarchs' overwintering numbers is not due to an increase in the deaths of monarchs during the migration. The main determinant of yearly variation in overwintering population size is the size of the summer monarch butterfly population.

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August 17, 2020

Penguins are Aussies: Or are they Kiwis?

Researchers sequenced the genomes of all 18 recognized species of penguin to assemble a family tree, showing that the largest of the penguins - king and emperor - split off from all other penguins not long after penguins arose 22 million years ago in Australia and New Zealand. Other penguins diversified after Drake's Passage opened, revving up the circumpolar current and allowing penguins to spread throughout the southern hemisphere.

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August 17, 2020

Fox News Breaking News Alert

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Democratic National Convention kicks off with headline speeches by Michelle Obama and Bernie Sanders

08/17/20 5:47 PM
August 17, 2020

Measuring social networks of young adults with autism

While social isolation is a core challenge associated with autism, researchers have laid the groundwork to show how interpersonal relationships, and the resources they provide, could impact autistic youth's adult outcomes.

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August 17, 2020

Autism-cholesterol link

A new study identifies a subtype of autism arising from a cluster of genes that regulate cholesterol metabolism and brain development.

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August 17, 2020

Micro- and nanoplastics detectable in human tissues

Plastic pollution is a global problem. Even when plastic bags or water bottles break down, tiny fragments can still contaminate the environment. Animals and humans can ingest the particles, with uncertain health consequences. Now, scientists report that they are among the first to examine micro- and nanoplastics in human organs and tissues.

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August 17, 2020

More healthful milk chocolate by adding peanut, coffee waste

Milk chocolate is a consumer-favorite worldwide, prized for its sweet flavor and creamy texture. In contrast, dark chocolate has high levels of phenolic compounds, which can provide antioxidant health benefits, but is less popular. Today, researchers report a new way to combine milk chocolate with waste peanut skins and other wastes to boost its antioxidant properties.

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August 17, 2020

Ocean microbes could interact with pollution to influence climate

Little is known about how gases and aerosols made by ocean microbes affect weather and climate, or how pollution could influence this process. Today, scientists report they've used an 'ocean-in-a-lab' to show that air pollution can change the makeup of gases and aerosols that sea spray releases into the atmosphere, potentially altering weather patterns.

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August 17, 2020

Bio-based communication networks could control cells in the body to treat conditions

Electronic devices and biological cells communicate through very different mechanisms. Now, scientists report progress on tiny communication networks that overcome this language barrier, allowing electronics to eavesdrop on cells and alter their behavior -- and vice versa. Potential applications include a capsule that could be swallowed to track blood sugar and make insulin when needed.

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August 17, 2020

Targeting iron uptake to create a new class of antibiotics against UTIs

At least half of all women will have a urinary tract infection during their lifetimes, and many of the infections -- which have increasingly become resistant to a wide array of antibiotics -- recur. Now, researchers report early progress toward developing a new class of antibiotics that would fight these infections by starving the causative bacteria of iron.

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August 17, 2020

'Cyborg' technology could enable new diagnostics, merger of humans and AI

Although true 'cyborgs' are science fiction, researchers are moving toward integrating electronics with the body. Such devices could monitor tumors or replace damaged tissues. But connecting electronics directly to human tissues in the body is a huge challenge. Today, a team is reporting new coatings for components that could help them more easily fit into this environment.

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August 17, 2020

How sour beer gets so... sour

Sour beer has recently surged in popularity in the US Today, scientists report progress on a study of how acids and other flavor components in the beverage evolve as it ages. Their goal is to help brewers understand and gain more control over the taste of this tart and tangy drink.

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August 17, 2020

Stopping tooth decay before it starts -- without killing bacteria

Eating sugar or other carbohydrates after dental cleanings causes oral bacteria to quickly rebuild plaque and to produce acids that corrode tooth enamel, leading to cavities. Today, scientists report a treatment that could someday stop plaque and cavities from forming in the first place, using a new type of cerium nanoparticle formulation.

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August 17, 2020

Safer, more comfortable soldier uniforms are in the works

Uniforms of U.S. Army soldiers must feel comfortable in all climates, be durable through multiple washings, resist fires and ward off insects, among other things. Existing fabrics don't check all of these boxes, so scientists have come up with a novel way of creating a flame-retardant, insect-repellent fabric that uses nontoxic substances.

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August 17, 2020

Converting solar energy to hydrogen fuel, with help from photosynthesis

Global economic growth comes with increasing demand for energy, but stepping up energy production can be challenging. Recently, scientists have achieved record efficiency for solar-to-fuel conversion, and now they want to incorporate the machinery of photosynthesis to push it further.

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August 17, 2020

Realtime observation of structural dynamic of influenza A hemagglutinin during viral entry

Unlike living organisms, to avoid extinction, viruses need to hijack living host machineries to generate new viruses. The devastating respiratory virus, influenza A virus, utilize its hemagglutinin (HA) proteins to search for suitable host cells. Generally, HA has two important functions: selection of host cell and viral entry. Upon attaching to host cells, Influenza A virus are brought into host cells via endocytosis. A lipid bilayer cargo, known as endosome, carries influenza A virus from cell membrane into cytoplasm of host cell. Although the environment inside endosome is acidic, influenza A virus remains alive. More strikingly, HA undergoes structural change to mediate viral membrane to fuse with host endosomal membrane to form a hole in order to release viral components.

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August 17, 2020

Scientists further cowpea research--boosting canopy CO2 assimilation, water-use efficiency

New research aimed to determine how much variation exists within diverse cowpea lines' canopy photosynthesis. Results from this study suggest that by optimizing canopy structures, researchers could increase cowpea yields, and yields across other crops, to improve our global food security.

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August 17, 2020

To perceive faces, your brain relies on a process similar to face recognition systems

Imagine if every time you looked at a face, one side of the face always appeared distorted as if it were melting, resembling a painting by Salvador Dalí. This is the case for people with hemi-prosopometamophosia (hemi-PMO). A new study finds that people with hemi-PMO see distortions to the same half of a person's face regardless of how it is viewed. The results show how the the brain uses a process similar to computer face recognition systems to perceive faces.

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Sunday, August 16, 2020

August 16, 2020

Pregnant mother's immunity tied to behavioral, emotional challenges for kids with autism

Children with autism born to mothers who had immune conditions during their pregnancy are more likely to have behavioral and emotional problems, a new study has found. Offspring sex may also interact with maternal immune conditions to influence outcomes, particularly in terms of a child's cognition.

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