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Data science finds there is a critical threshold of lessons from failure that must be applied in order to achieve eventual success.

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A research team has developed a reaction for creating functionalized ketones. Using an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalyst, with no need for metals or light irradiation, an acyl and an alkyl group are added across the double bond of an alkene. The NHC gives regioselective control over a relay process involving electron transfer followed by successive addition of two radicals onto the alkene. The diverse products are useful building blocks for further syntheses.

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Chemists have used visible light and extremely tiny nanoparticles to quickly and simply make molecules that are of the same class as many lead compounds for drug development. Driven by light, the nanoparticle catalysts perform chemical reactions with very specific chemical products -- molecules that don't just have the right chemical formulas but also have specific arrangements of their atoms in space. And the catalyst can be reused for additional chemical reactions.

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Two million-year old ice from Antarctica recently uncovered by a team of researchers provides a clearer picture into the connections between greenhouse gases and climate in ancient times and will help scientists understand future climate change.

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Researchers have launched a website that will allow researchers, Ph.D. students, and even members of the general public to review proposed research projects and make predictions on the outcome.

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Do tectonic plates move because of motion in the Earth's mantle, or is the mantle driven by the plates' movement? Or could it be that this question is ill-posed? This is the point of view adopted by scientists who regard the solid Earth as a single system. According to their simulations, the surface mainly drives the mantle, although changes occur over time.

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During embryonic development, nerve cells form thin, long extensions, which they use to wire up a complex network, the brain. Scientists have now identified a protein that regulates the growth of these extensions by pulling a brake. In the long run, their findings could help to develop new approaches for the treatment of spinal cord injuries.

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Vampire bats that share food and groom each other in captivity are more likely to stick together when they're released back into the wild, find researchers. While most previous evidence of 'friendship' in animals comes from research in primates, these findings suggest that vampire bats can also form cooperative, friendship-like social relationships.

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A new study shows that superconductivity in bilayer graphene can be turned on or off with a small voltage change, increasing its usefulness for electronic devices.

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Engineers have developed a method to control balance in a two-legged, teleoperated robot -- an essential step toward enabling a humanoid to carry out high-impact tasks in challenging environments.

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A new study says that carbon impacts from the loss of intact tropical forests has been grossly underreported.

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Researchers analyzed patterns of movement among elderly study participants and found that irregular, spontaneous fluctuations could predict a person's risk of frailty, disability and death years later.

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Compared to a decade ago, today the number of insect species on many areas has decreased by about one third. The loss of species mainly affects grasslands in the vicinity of intensively farmed land - but also applies to forests and protected areas.

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A doctor is using an elegant new approach to mapping brain activity to shed light on what happens during seizures in newborns that can lead to behavioral issues and learning disabilities much later.

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In the last decade, Ethiopia has invested more than US $1.2 billion annually in restoring landscapes in several regions of the country. Research takes stock of Ethiopia's major restoration projects and investigates their impact on ecosystem services. Researchers say their work can help policymakers tailor future restoration actions to specific ecosystem needs.

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Our brains are so primed to recognize faces - or to tell people apart - that we rarely even stop to think about it, but what happens in the brain when it engages in such recognition is still far from understood. Researchers have now shed new light on this issue. They found a striking similarity between the way in which faces are encoded in the brain and in successfully performing artificial intelligence systems known as deep neural networks.

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A large study analyzing 107,000 knee replacement surgeries found that African Americans were significantly more likely than white patients to be discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation or skilled nursing facility rather than home care after the procedure. Researchers also found that African American patients under 65 were more likely to be readmitted to the hospital within 90 days of a knee replacement.

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Divided House passes Dem-backed guidelines for Trump impeachment as Republicans fume

10/31/19 8:33 AM

High levels of traffic exhaust at one's residence increases the risk of stroke even in low-pollution environments, according to a new study. The study suggests that it is mainly black carbon from traffic exhaust that increases the risk for stroke, and not particulate matter from other sources.

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House begins debate on Democrat-backed rules for impeachment inquiry

10/31/19 6:10 AM

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Washington Nationals top Houston Astros in Game 7 to claim World Series title

10/30/19 9:12 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Washington Nationals top Houston Astros in Game 7 to claim World Series title

10/30/19 8:53 PM

Almost one third of Canadians live near a major road -- and this means they go about their everyday lives exposed to a complex mixture of vehicle air pollutants. A new study reveals that emissions from nearby traffic can greatly increase concentrations of key air pollutants, with highly polluting trucks making a major contribution.

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A mother's exposure to particulate air pollution during pregnancy is associated with reduced cardiac response to stress in six-month-old infants, according to new research. This study is among the first to find that particulate air pollution exposure in utero can affect heart rate variability, which is a known risk factor for health issues.

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Fossil pollen can help reconstruct the past and predict the future.

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Ecologists have studied Latin American coffee farms for a quarter century, and they tracked the recovery of tropical forests in Nicaragua following 1988's Hurricane Joan for nearly 20 years.

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The human brain can recognize a familiar song within 100 to 300 milliseconds, highlighting the deep hold favorite tunes have on our memory.

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Coral species richness at different depths is unrelated to energy availability, according to a new study analyzing diversity across an Australasian reef.

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Researchers show that a pathogenic fungus alters the metabolism of its host unicellular algae, for its own purposes: the small bioactive substances that are formed in the process benefit the fungi's own propagation while preventing the algae from proliferating. Eventually the algae shrink and die.

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To alleviate this growing problem of email scams, computer scientists have developed a prototype of a machine-learning based detector that automatically detects and stops lateral phishing attacks.

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The longer immigrants live in the United States, the more likely they are to use prescription opioids -- a fact that contradicts popular views linking wealth and health, and suggests that American culture is uniquely favorable toward prescribing opioids.

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Fox News Breaking News Alert

Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Southern California, surrounding area ordered evacuated amid wildfire threat

10/30/19 7:40 AM

By BY DAVEY ALBA AND SHEERA FRENKEL from NYT Technology https://ift.tt/36hs9d7
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Open relationships typically describe couples in which the partners have agreed on sexual activity with someone other than their primary romantic partner, while maintaining the couple bond. Can these open relationships work? It depends, concludes a team that focuses on couples research. Not surprisingly, the success of such relationships hinges on solid communication between all parties involved. But not all open relationships are created equal.

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Quantum mechanics has come a long way during the past 100 years but still has a long way to go. Researchers now review the progress being made in using structured light in quantum protocols to create a larger encoding alphabet, stronger security and better resistance to noise.

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Aggressive forms of breast cancer often manipulate the immune response in their favor. This manipulation is revealed in humans by the same immunological 'signature' as in mice. This is shown by a new study. The method makes it possible to obtain an indication of the prognosis of the disease using patients' tumor tissue.

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Opioid overdose deaths in Connecticut doubled in the past 6 years, largely driven by use of multiple drugs together, according to a team of researchers.

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For three hurricane seasons in a row, storms with record-breaking rainfall have caused catastrophic flooding in the southern United States. A new analysis explains why this trend is likely to continue with global warming: Both the higher moisture content of warmer air and storms' increasing wind speeds conspire to produce wetter storms.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) in the form of a machine-learned algorithm correctly triaged the vast majority of postoperative patients to the intensive care unit in its first proof-of-concept application in a university hospital setting.

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Invasive procedures to biopsy tissue from cancer-tainted organs could be replaced by simply taking samples from a tiny 'decoy' implanted just beneath the skin, researchers have demonstrated in mice.

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Children may learn new words better when they learn them in the context of other words they are just learning -- according to new research from the University of East Anglia. Researchers investigated how 18- to 24-month-olds learn new words -- in the context of words they already know well and those they don't. The findings help explain how children learn new words and suggest a new way that parents and carers could help boost language development.

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Fox News Breaking News Alert

Jeffrey Epstein’s fatal injuries consistent with homicide, famed medical examiner tells ‘Fox & Friends’ in exclusive interview

10/30/19 4:35 AM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Famed forensic pathologist Michael Baden to make explosive claim regarding death of Jeffrey Epstein in ‘Fox & Friends’ interview

10/30/19 4:20 AM

Election Tech Handbook – Technology Projects for UK General Election
3 by benrmatthews | 0 comments on Hacker News.

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Researchers have developed a process for turning the solid waste products of coal power plants into a useful ingredient that could improve properties of concrete.

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The number of Americans living with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias will double to nearly 13 million over the next 20 years, according to the new report.

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Unchecked climate change could drive Britain's crop growing north and west, leaving the east and south east unable to support crop growing, new research suggests.

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You'd think that losing 25 percent of your genes would be a big problem for survival. But not for red algae, including the seaweed used to wrap sushi. An ancestor of red algae lost about a quarter of its genes roughly one billion years ago, but the algae still became dominant in near-shore coastal areas around the world.

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A long-term study of copperhead snakes in a forest near Meriden, Conn., revealed that five consecutive years of drought effectively ended the snakes' reproductive output.

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As measured in city blocks, proximity to fast and convenience food sellers can impact a student's chances of becoming obese, according to a new study.

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Migratory sandpipers breeding in Greenland who choose to spend the winter in West Africa instead of elsewhere along the East Atlantic coast have a lower chance of survival, are more likely to skip their first breeding season and arrive later at their breeding grounds. The new research challenges the widely held idea that the costs of longer migratory flights are inevitably offset by benefits in the winter habitats.

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Some bacteria release a toxin that forms pores on other cells. Scientists have studied the pore-forming toxin aerolysin and genetically engineered it to be used as a high-resolution sensor for biological molecules like DNA and proteins.

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A new study has found that performing well on two brief tests measuring cognitive ability and ability to identify odors indicates very low risk for Alzheimer's. We know that these tests can help predict the risk of developing dementia, but didn't know if they could help rule out those unlikely to develop Alzheimer's.

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People who have grandiose narcissistic traits are more likely to be 'mentally tough,' feel less stressed and are less vulnerable to depression, research has found.

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New research challenges the view that self-control equals sacrificing pleasure.

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Anti-inflammatory agents, such as aspirin/paracetamol, statins, and antibiotics, can safely and effectively curb the symptoms of major depression, finds a pooled analysis of the available evidence.

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The most comprehensive analysis of medicinal cannabinoids and their impact on six mental health disorders -- combining 83 studies including 3,000 people -- suggests that the use of cannabinoids for mental health conditions cannot be justified based on the current evidence. This is due to a lack of evidence for their effectiveness, and because of the known risks of cannabinoids.

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Fox News Breaking News Alert

Masked Iraqi security forces open fire on protesters, killing 18: report

10/29/19 2:35 AM

A study published today examines the evolutionary and epidemiologic history of an epidemic strain of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) -- called LAM4/KZN. This strain was first reported in a 2005 outbreak where it was associated with 90 percent mortality among predominantly HIV infected individuals, and has since become widespread throughout the province. A new study identifies key host, pathogen and environmental factors that facilitated the success of this XDR-TB strain.

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An international team has discovered a cheap and efficient way to identify transmission hotspots for schistosomiasis. The research uses rigorous field sampling and aerial images to precisely map communities that are at greatest risk for infection.

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A study of more than 117,000 pro tennis matches and more than 5 million observations in online amateur chess indicates that even when competitors are evenly matched, players perform worse against an opponent they know has been climbing in rank.

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Widespread adaptation of healthier diets would markedly reduce the environmental impact of agriculture and food production. For the first time, researchers have tied the health impacts of foods to their overall environmental impact.

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Chemists match models and experiments to see how salt modifies surface interactions in chromatography used to separate valuable drug proteins. The research could be a step toward simplifying drug manufacture.

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Largest study yet to compare protected with 'matched' unprotected land finds 'significantly higher' increases in human pressure -- primarily through agriculture -- in protected areas across the tropics. Researchers argue that efforts to increase coverage may not help save wildlife unless protecting land 'on paper' is backed up by funding and local community engagement.

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Researchers have used the Drosophila embryo to model human disease mutations that affect myosin motor activity. Through in vivo imaging and biophysical analysis, they demonstrated that engineering human MYH9-related disease mutations into Drosophila myosin II produces motors with altered organization and dynamics that fail to drive rapid cell movements, resulting in defects in epithelial morphogenesis.

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Inspired by jumping spiders, researchers have developed a compact and efficient depth sensor that could be used on board microrobots, in small wearable devices, or in lightweight virtual and augmented reality headsets. The device combines a multifunctional, flat metalens with an ultra-efficient algorithm to measure depth in a single shot.

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The largest randomized trial in asymptomatic patients with smoldering multiple myeloma suggests that lenalidomide, a cancer drug, may delay the onset of bone and other myeloma-related organ damage.

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A new bioinformatics tool, MHcut reveals that a natural repair system for DNA damage, microhomology-mediated end joining, is probably far more common in humans than originally assumed. Using MHcut and commercial genome-editing technology, the researchers created mutations in iPS cells with extraordinary precision to model diseases without the need of patient samples. The tool is expected to make it easier to study diseases even when patients are rare or unavailable.

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Scientists have discovered new mathematical laws governing the properties of Marangoni flows. The new theory better matches experimental observations of the well-known effect.

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A new study has found that the drug first forces itself between the strands of the DNA molecule's double helix, prying them apart. It then compacts the structures by partially neutralizing their phosphate backbones.

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Many policymakers and scholars believe offering paid leave to families would be a game changer for US moms and families, leading to increased equity in labor markets and helping eliminate the 'mommy gap' in pay.

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At the end of the Triassic around 201 million years ago, three out of four species on Earth disappeared. Up until now, scientists believed the cause of the catastrophe to be the onset of large-scale volcanism resulting in abrupt climate change. Now, an international research team has found a contributing cause: poisoning by mercury emitted by the volcanoes.

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A previously unobserved mechanism is at work in the Sun's rotating plasma: a magnetic instability, which scientists had thought was physically impossible under these conditions. The effect might even play a crucial role in the formation of the Sun's magnetic field, say researchers.

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Researchers have discovered how some types of proteins stabilize damaged DNA and thereby preserve DNA function and integrity. This new finding also explains why people with inborn or acquired defects in certain proteins cannot keep their DNA stable and develop diseases such as cancer.

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New research suggests that eating one avocado a day may help keep 'bad cholesterol' at bay. According to the researchers, bad cholesterol can refer to both oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and small, dense LDL particles.

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Physicists have revealed a new quantum process in valleytronics that can speed up the development of this fairly new technology.

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Attorney General Barr defends Durham probe, rips Comey's FBI leadership in exclusive interview

10/28/19 8:21 AM

Researchers investigated the cooperative abilities of dolphins. Utilizing a simplified Hirata Task, the team found that dolphins coordinated their behavior to work together on a shared task. Specifically, the 'initiator' would wait on their partner and the 'follower' would coordinate their swimming speed to match the initiator's behavior.

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Finding a handful of cancer cells hiding among billions of blood cells in a patient sample can be like finding a needle in a haystack. In a new approach enabled by 3D-printed cell traps, researchers are removing the hay to expose the cancer cells.

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Interviews are the central component of any Title IX investigation, but new research finds the techniques investigators are using may not be the most effective. Researchers evaluated the available training programs for investigators and identified techniques and suggested practices at odds with science-based interviewing strategies.

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A sense of collective ownership is crucial to a startup team's success. The energy and enthusiasm that come from working toward a shared vision can be powerful. But how an entrepreneur interacts with a team to build a sense of ownership can make a big difference, according to new research.

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Drugs can be safely delivered to cancerous lymph nodes via the lymphatic system and then released inside the nodes using sound waves. Researchers tested the treatment on mice with metastatic breast cancer.

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New genetic research has identified fin whales in the northern Pacific Ocean as a separate subspecies, reflecting a revolution in marine mammal taxonomy as scientists unravel the genetics of enormous animals otherwise too large to fit into laboratories.

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Cannabis flowers with the most mushroom-shaped hairs pack the biggest cannabinoid and fragrance punch, according to new research.

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Teens who vape candy- or fruit-flavored e-cigarettes are more likely to stick with the habit and vape more heavily.

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Nonnutritive or artificial sweeteners are a growing part of US diets, now consumed by at least one in four children. A new American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement offers a summary of the existing data around nonnutritive sweeteners and recommends future research into how they affect children's weight, taste preferences, the risk for diabetes, and long-term safety.

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A new study has found that sugar-sweetened acidic drinks, such as soft drinks, is the common factor between obesity and tooth wear among adults.

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Working with model mice, post-mortem human brains, and people with schizophrenia, researchers have discovered that a subtype of schizophrenia is related to abnormally high levels hydrogen sulfide in the brain. Experiments showed that this abnormality likely results from a DNA-modifying reaction during development that lasts throughout life.

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Rep. Katie Hill resigns amid ethics probe into reported affair with staffer

10/27/19 4:10 PM

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President Trump confirms al-Baghdadi death, says he spent last minutes 'whimpering' in dead-end tunnel

10/27/19 7:08 AM

The fight against harmful ozone is under legal threat. Air quality and carbon emissions regulations are currently in limbo in courts and congress, from core legislation from the 1970s to rules from the last US administration. This study models the future losses in the fight to drive down respiratory-damaging ozone if the regulations go away.

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ISIS leader Baghdadi confirmed dead after apparent suicide during U.S. operation, sources tell Fox News

10/27/19 4:52 AM

A new study shows how micro-scale 'rockets,' powered by acoustic waves and an on-board bubble motor, can be maneuvered through 3D landscapes of cells and particles using magnets.

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The hormone erythropoietin (Epo) is a well-known doping substance that has a history of abuse in endurance sports. In addition to promoting red blood cell production, Epo protects nerve cells from death. To use this effect to cure neurodegenerative diseases, negative effects need to be prevented. Researchers have now discovered another Epo receptor that could have protective effects in humans without side-effects. The results appeared in Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience.

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A new way of removing carbon dioxide from a stream of air could provide a significant tool in the battle against climate change. The new system can work on the gas at virtually any concentration level, even down to the roughly 400 parts per million currently found in the atmosphere.

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A first deep dive into the diversity of marine fungi and their cell division cycles has revealed unusual cell cycles, cell division patterns, and polarity. The study broadens our knowledge of ocean diversity into the nearly unstudied Kingdom Fungi.

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A genetic mutation that leads to a rare, but devastating blindness-causing condition called Bardet-Biedl Syndrome has been discovered in monkeys for the first time. The finding offers a promising way to develop gene and cell therapies that could treat people with the condition, which leads to vision loss, kidney disfunction, extra fingers or toes, and other symptoms.

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A new type of micromotor -- powered by ultrasound and steered by magnets -- can move around individual cells and microscopic particles in crowded environments without damaging them. In one demonstration, a micromotor pushed around silica particles to spell out letters. Researchers also controlled the micromotors to climb up microsized blocks and stairs, demonstrating their ability to move over three dimensional obstacles.

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Microsurgery is an intricate and challenging surgical technique that involves using miniature instruments and sutures as fine as a hair strand aided by sophisticated microscopes. In plastic surgery, microsurgery is used to repair small damaged vessels and nerves following trauma, or in reconstructive procedures by moving a component of living tissue from one place of the body to another and reconnecting its vascular supply to this new region to keep its blood supply.

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In the race to manufacture autonomous vehicles (AVs), safety is crucial yet sometimes overlooked as exemplified by recent headline-making accidents. Researchers are using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to improve the safety of autonomous technology through both software and hardware advances.

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Physicists have identified a microscopic process of electron spin dynamics in nanoparticles that could impact the design of applications in medicine, quantum computation, and spintronics.

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Scientist are developing new applications for a fabrication process called coaxial electrospinning, which combines two or more materials into a fine fiber for use in industry, textiles or even medicine. Electrospinning combines the amazing properties of one material with the powerful benefits of another.

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On Antarctica, meltwater ponds riddle a kilometer-thick, 10,000-year-old ice shelf, which shatters just weeks later. The collapse shocks scientists and unleashes the glacier behind the ice shelf, driving up sea level. A new study puts damage by meltwater ponds to ice shelves and the ensuing threat to sea level into cool, mathematical perspective.

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Current approaches to carbon capture can increase air pollution and are not efficient at reducing carbon in the atmosphere, according to new research.

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Physicists have simulated in detail an intermediary phase of the early universe that may have bridged cosmic inflation with the Big Bang. This phase, known as ''reheating,'' occurred at the end of cosmic inflation and involved processes that wrestled inflation's cold, uniform matter into the ultrahot, complex soup that was in place at the start of the Big Bang.

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Scientists have made a breakthrough in the hunt for a new vaccine for killer hospital bug Clostridioides difficile (C. diff).

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Two new studies point to the role of a warming ocean and local differences in oceanography in the rise and fall of lobster populations southern New England to Atlantic Canada.

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In tadpole research that holds potential for prenatal health and brain injury, scientists identify cellular workings that stop and restart early brain development.

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A new scientific review highlights a significant global health issue related to plants that sicken or kill undernourished people around the world, including those who depend upon these plants for sustenance. Some of these plants become even more toxic due to climate change.

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Each year, more than 9,000 children in the United States are treated in emergency departments for lawn mower-related injuries. New research found that these injuries are more frequent and severe in rural areas, affecting younger children than in urban regions.

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Studies show that children exposed to childhood trauma known as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are at increased risk of being bullied or bullying others. New research suggests that family resilience -- the ability to work together to overcome problems, for example -- reduces this risk.

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Researchers report a promising hydrogen carrier in the form of hydrogen boride nanosheets. This two-dimensional material, which has only recently begun to be explored, could go on to be used as safe, light-weight, high-capacity hydrogen storage materials.

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Scientists have discovered a novel amyloid protein that induces amyloidosis in rats. This new amyloid protein is known to be the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and accumulated very frequently in the mammary gland of aged rats. The results of this research are useful for predicting the future occurrence of human amyloidosis and as a disease model animal.

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Researchers have used single-cell RNA sequencing to better understand the viral infections.

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Tropical forests are under increasing pressure from human activity such as agriculture. However, in order to put effective conservation measures in place, local decision-makers must be able to precisely identify which areas of forest are most vulnerable. A new analysis method could hold the key.

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Contrary to popular belief, seasonal rains are not the most important factor for starting the growth cycle of plants across Africa. New research shows that the amount of daylight plants receive is the biggest contributing factor to starting the iconic 'green-up' phenomenon in Africa - where the continent's plants and trees grow their leaves.

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Scientists have created a chemical to help plants hold onto water, which could stem the tide of massive annual crop losses from drought and help farmers grow food despite a changing climate.

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Giving consumers short time limits on offers means they are less likely to take them up, according to new research. The authors conclude that risk aversion is the main factor behind consumers' tendency to accept time-limited offers.

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Higher educational attainment -- spending more years in education -- may impact people's drinking behavior and reduce their risk of alcohol dependence, according to a new study.

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Only 48% of school age children in the United States get 9 hours of sleep most weeknights, according to new research. Those who do, the study suggests, are significantly more likely to show a positive outlook toward school and other signs of 'childhood flourishing,' a measure of behavioral and social well-being.

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For the first time, scientists have measured the total amount of CO2 emissions from mountain streams worldwide. This research builds on recent findings and shows how important it is to include mountain streams in assessments of the global carbon cycle.

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A new study has uncovered why a protein mutation that causes inflammatory bowel diseases is dysfunctional.

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A new study has identified sonographic biomarkers that can predict eventual malignant transformation of pathologically confirmed cirrhotic nodules for patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These additional imaging features may have the potential to be adopted as ancillary or even major features to stratify probability for HCC in the contrast-enhanced LI-RADS system.

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Scientists describe a new way of attacking cells infected by HIV. The work showcases a novel version of CAR-T, the technology known for its recent successes in fighting blood cancers.

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Fox News Breaking News Alert

Durham's investigation into possible FBI misconduct is now criminal probe, sources say

10/24/19 6:37 PM

Birds come in an astounding array of shapes and colors. New research helps explain why bird species with similar flight styles or body sizes don't have consistent wing shapes. Bird species tend to reshape the range of motion of their wings -- rather than wing shape or size itself -- as they evolve new ways of flying.

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Restricting youth access to flavored tobacco products holds the promise of reducing their overall tobacco use, according to a new study.

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Spine surgeons in the U.S. perform more than 400,000 spinal fusions each year as a way to ease back pain and prevent vertebrae in the spine from wiggling around and doing more damage. However, reports estimate that on average some 30% of these surgeries fail to weld these vertebrae into a single bone, causing continued back pain.

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Babies who are years away from being able to say 'one,' 'two,' and 'three' actually already have a sense of what counting means, researchers have discovered. The findings reveal that very early on, years earlier than previously believed, babies who hear counting realize that it's about quantity.

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Introducing fungi to wheat boosted their uptake of key nutrients and could lead to new, 'climate smart' varieties of crops, according to a new study.

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